Enye yetekhnoloji ephambili yezithuthi zamandla amatsha ziibhetri zamandla.Umgangatho weebhetri umisela iindleko zezithuthi zombane kwelinye icala, kunye noluhlu lokuqhuba izithuthi zombane kwelinye.Into ephambili yokwamkelwa kunye nokwamkelwa ngokukhawuleza.
Ngokweempawu zokusetyenziswa, iimfuno kunye neendawo zokusetyenziswa kweebhetri zamandla, uphando kunye nophuhliso lweentlobo zeebhetri zamandla ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ziphantse: iibhetri ze-lead-acid, iibhetri ze-nickel-cadmium, iibhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion, iiseli zepetroli, njl., apho uphuhliso lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion lufumana ingqalelo enkulu.
Amandla okuvelisa ubushushu bebhetri
Umthombo wobushushu, izinga lokuvelisa ubushushu, amandla obushushu bebhetri kunye nezinye iiparamitha ezinxulumene nemodyuli yebhetri yamandla zihlobene ngokusondeleyo nobume bebhetri.Ubushushu obukhutshwe yibhetri buxhomekeke kwimichiza, ubume bomatshini kunye nombane kunye neempawu zebhetri, ngakumbi ubume be-electrochemical reaction.Amandla obushushu obuveliswa kwi-reaction yebhetri angabonakaliswa ngubushushu bebhetri ye-Qr;i-electrochemical polarization ibangela ukuba owona mbane webhetri ujike kwi-equilibrium electromotive force, kunye nelahleko yamandla ebangelwa yi-polarization yebhetri ibonakaliswa yi-Qp.Ukongeza kwimpendulo yebhetri eqhubekayo ngokweequation yokusabela, kukwakho neempendulo ezisecaleni.Iimpendulo zecala eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukubola kwe-electrolyte kunye nokuzikhupha kwebhetri.Icala reaction ubushushu eveliswe kule nkqubo Qs.Ukongeza, kuba nayiphi na ibhetri iya kuba nokuxhathisa, ukushisa kwe-Joule Qj kuya kuveliswa xa idlula yangoku.Ngoko ke, ubushushu bubonke bebhetri sisimbuku sobushushu sale miba ilandelayo: Qt=Qr+Qp+Qs+Qj.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo ethile yokutshaja (ukukhupha), ezona zinto ziphambili ezenza ukuba ibhetri ivelise ubushushu nazo ziyahluka.Umzekelo, xa ibhetri idla ngokutshajwa, iQr yeyona nto iphambili;kwaye kwinqanaba lamva lokutshaja ibhetri, ngenxa yokubola kwe-electrolyte, ukuphendula kwecala kuyaqala ukwenzeka (ubushushu becala lempendulo yi-Qs), xa ibhetri iphantse igcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye itshajiswe ngaphezulu, Eyona nto eyenzekayo kukubola kwe-electrolyte, apho i-Qs ilawula khona. .Ubushushu be-Joule Qj buxhomekeke kumbane kunye nokuchasana.Indlela yokutshaja esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo iqhutywa phantsi kwangoku rhoqo, kwaye i-Qj lixabiso elithile ngeli xesha.Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokuqalisa kunye nokukhawuleza, okwangoku kuphezulu.Kwi-HEV, le nto ilingana nomsinga wamashumi e-ampere ukuya kumakhulu ee-ampere.Ngeli xesha, i-Joule heat Qj inkulu kakhulu kwaye iba ngowona mthombo wokukhutshwa kobushushu bebhetri.
Ngokombono wokulawulwa kokulawulwa kwe-thermal, iinkqubo zokulawula ukushisa zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ezisebenzayo kunye ne-passive.Ukusuka kwimbono yokudlulisa ubushushu, iinkqubo zolawulo lwe-thermal zingahlulwa zibe: i-air-cooled, i-liquid-cooled, kunye nesigaba sokutshintsha ukugcinwa kwe-thermal.
Ulawulo lwe-Thermal ngomoya njengendawo yokudlulisa ubushushu
Ubushushu bokudlulisa ubushushu bunempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kunye neendleko zenkqubo yokulawula i-thermal.Ukusetyenziswa komoya njengendlela yokudlulisa ubushushu kukwazisa ngokuthe ngqo umoya ukuze ujikeleze kwimodyuli yebhetri ukufezekisa injongo yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu.Ngokubanzi, iifeni, ukungena nokuphuma komoya kunye nezinye izinto ziyafuneka.
Ngokwemithombo eyahlukeneyo yokungenisa umoya, kukho ngokubanzi ezi fom zilandelayo:
1 Ukupholisa okungenziwanga ngendawo yokungena komoya yangaphandle
2. Ukupholisa okanye ukufudumeza kwindawo yabakhweli yokungena komoya
3. Ukupholisa okusebenzayo/ukufudumeza umoya wangaphandle okanye wegumbi labahambi
Ulwakhiwo lwesixokelelwano sokwenziwa lulula kwaye lusebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo okusingqongileyo okukhoyo.Umzekelo, ukuba ibhetri ifuna ukufudunyezwa ebusika, indawo eshushu kwindawo yabakhweli ingasetyenziselwa ukuphefumla umoya.Ukuba iqondo lobushushu bebhetri liphezulu kakhulu ngexesha lokuqhuba kwaye nesiphumo sokupholisa somoya kwindawo yabakhweli ayilunganga, umoya obandayo osuka ngaphandle unokuphefumlelwa ukuba uphole.
Kwinkqubo esebenzayo, inkqubo eyahlukileyo kufuneka isungulwe ukubonelela ngokufudumeza okanye ukupholisa imisebenzi kwaye ilawulwe ngokuzimeleyo ngokwemeko yebhetri, eyandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zesithuthi.Ukukhethwa kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zokusetyenziswa kwebhetri.
Ulawulo lwe-Thermal ngolwelo njengendlela yokudlulisa ubushushu
Ukutshintshwa kobushushu ngolwelo njengento ephakathi, kuyimfuneko ukuseka unxibelelwano lokufudumeza ubushushu phakathi kwemodyuli kunye ne-liquid medium, njengebhatyi yamanzi, ukuqhuba ukufudumala okungathanga ngqo kunye nokupholisa ngendlela ye-convection kunye ne-heat conduction.Indawo yokudlulisa ubushushu ingaba ngamanzi, i-ethylene glycol okanye iRefrigerant.Kukwakho ukuhanjiswa kobushushu ngokuthe ngqo ngokuntywiliselwa isiqwenga sepali kulwelo lwe-dielectric, kodwa amanyathelo okufakelwa kufuneka athathwe ukuphepha isekethe emfutshane.
Ukupholisa ulwelo olungenakwenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa utshintshiselwano lobushushu lolwelo olujikeleze ulwelo kwaye emva koko lazise amakoko kwibhetri kutshintshiselwano lobushushu lwesibini, ngelixa ukupholisa okusebenzayo kusebenzisa i-injini yokupholisa ulwelo oluphakathi kwezitshintshi zobushushu, okanye ukufudumeza kombane/ukufudumeza kwe-oyile ukuphumeza ukupholisa okuphambili.Ukufudumeza, ukupholisa okuphambili kunye nekhabhinethi yabahambi yomoya/imeko yomoya efrijini-ulwelo oluphakathi.
Inkqubo yolawulo lwe-thermal enomoya kunye nolwelo njengoko ingaphakathi lifuna iifeni, iimpompo zamanzi, ii-heaters, ii-heaters (Isifudumezi somoya se-PTC), imibhobho kunye nezinye izincedisi ukwenza isakhiwo sibe sikhulu kakhulu kwaye sinzima, kwaye sisebenzisa amandla ebhetri, uluhlu Ubuninzi bamandla kunye nokuxinana kwamandla ebhetri kuyathotywa.
(Ukupholisa kwePTCisifudumezi) Inkqubo yokupholisa ibhetri yamanzi epholileyo isebenzisa i-coolant (50% yamanzi / i-50% ethylene glycol) ukuhambisa ubushushu ukusuka kwibhetri ukuya kwi-air-conditioning system yefriji ngokusebenzisa i-battery epholileyo, kwaye emva koko kwindalo ngokusebenzisa i-condenser.Ubushushu bamanzi obungeniswa kumazwe angaphandle bulula ukufikelela kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi emva kokutshintshiselwa kobushushu yi-cooler yebhetri, kwaye ibhetri inokutshintshwa ukuze isebenze kwiqondo lokushisa elisebenzayo;umgaqo wenkqubo uboniswe kumzobo.Iinqununu eziphambili zenkqubo yefriji ziquka: i-condenser, i-compressor yombane, i-evaporator, i-valve yokwandisa kunye ne-valve yokumisa, i-cooler yebhethri (i-valve yokwandisa kunye ne-valve yokumisa) kunye nemibhobho yomoya, njl.Umjikelo wamanzi okupholisa uquka:impompo yamanzi yombane, ibhetri (kubandakanywa neepleyiti zokupholisa), ii-coolers zebhetri, iipayipi zamanzi, iitanki zokwandisa kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-13-2023
