Namhlanje, iinkampani zeemoto ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium kumlinganiselo omkhulu kwiibhetri zamandla, kwaye ubuninzi bamandla buba phezulu nangaphezulu, kodwa abantu basenombala ngokukhuseleka kweebhetri zamandla, kwaye ayisosisombululo esihle kukhuseleko lombane. iibhetri.I-Thermal runaway yeyona nto iphambili yophando yokhuseleko lwebhetri yamandla, kwaye kufanelekile ukugxila kuyo.
Okokuqala, makhe siqonde ukuba yintoni i-thermal runaway.I-Thermal Runaway yi-chain reaction phenomenon ebangelwa zizixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ezibangela ubushushu obukhulu kunye neegesi ezinobungozi ezikhutshwa yibhetri ngexesha elifutshane, elinokubangela ukuba ibhetri ibambe umlilo kwaye iqhume kwiimeko ezinzima.Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokwenzeka kwe-thermal runaway, njengokushisa, ukutshaja, isiphaluka esifutshane sangaphakathi, ukungqubana, njl njl. ye-diaphragm, ekhokelela kwi-electrode engalunganga kunye ne-electrolyte, elandelwa kukubola kwazo zombini i-electrode echanekileyo kunye ne-electrolyte, ngaloo ndlela ibangela umlinganiselo omkhulu wangaphakathi wesekethe, ebangela ukuba i-electrolyte ivuthe, ithi emva koko isasazeke kwezinye iiseli, ibangele. ukubaleka okumandundu kwe-thermal kunye nokuvumela yonke ipakethe yebhetri ukuba ivelise ukutsha okuzenzekelayo.
Izizathu zokubaleka kwe-thermal zingahlulwa zibe yizizathu zangaphakathi nangaphandle.Izizathu zangaphakathi zihlala zibangelwa kwiisekethe ezimfutshane zangaphakathi;izizathu zangaphandle zibangelwa ukusetyenziswa kakubi komatshini, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kombane, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwe-thermal, njl.
Isiphaluka esifutshane sangaphakathi, esiluqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kweetheminali ezilungileyo kunye nezingalunganga zebhetri, zihluka kakhulu kwiqondo loqhagamshelwano kunye nokuphendula okulandelayo kuqhutywe.Ngokuqhelekileyo isiphaluka esikhulu sangaphakathi esifutshane esibangelwa ukusetyenziswa kakubi koomatshini kunye ne-thermal kuya kubangela ukubaleka ngokuthe ngqo kwe-thermal.Ngokwahlukileyo, iisekethe ezimfutshane zangaphakathi eziziphuhlisayo ngokwazo zincinci, kwaye ubushushu obuvelisayo buncinci kangangokuba abubangeli ukubaleka kwe-thermal kwangoko.Ukuziphuhlisa kwangaphakathi ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya iziphene zokuvelisa, ukuwohloka kweempawu ezahlukeneyo ezibangelwa ukuguga kwebhetri, njengokunyuka kokuchasana kwangaphakathi, idiphozithi yensimbi ye-lithium ebangelwa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwexesha elide, njl. Njengoko ixesha liqokelela, umngcipheko wesiphaluka esifutshane sangaphakathi esibangelwa ngolo hlobo izizathu zangaphakathi ziya kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe.
Ukusetyenziswa kakubi komatshini, kubhekiselele kwi-deformation ye-lithium ibhetri ye-monomer kunye nepakethe yebhetri phantsi kwesenzo samandla angaphandle, kunye nokufuduka okuhambelanayo kweendawo ezahlukeneyo ngokwazo.Iifom eziphambili ezichasene neseli yombane ziquka ukungqubana, ukukhupha kunye nokubhoboza.Umzekelo, into yangaphandle echukunyiswe sisithuthi ngesantya esiphezulu yakhokelela ngokuthe ngqo ekuweni kwe-diaphragm yangaphakathi yebhetri, eyathi yabangela isiphaluka esifutshane ngaphakathi kwebhetri kwaye yabangela ukutsha okuzenzekelayo ngaphakathi kwexesha elifutshane.
Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kombane kweebhetri ze-lithium ngokubanzi kubandakanya isiphaluka esifutshane sangaphandle, ukugqithiswa, ukukhupha iifom ezininzi, ezinokuthi ziphuhliseke zibe yi-thermal runaway ukuya kwi-overcharge.Isiphaluka esifutshane sangaphandle senzeke xa ii-conductor ezimbini ezinoxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo zixhunyiwe ngaphandle kweseli.Iibhulukhwe ezimfutshane zangaphandle kwiipakethi zebhetri zinokubangelwa kukungqubana kwezithuthi, ukuntywiliselwa emanzini, ukungcoliseka kwe-conductor okanye umothuko wombane ngexesha lokulungiswa.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubushushu obukhutshwe kwisiphaluka esifutshane sangaphandle abufudumezi ibhetri ngokuchasene ne-puncture.Ikhonkco elibalulekileyo phakathi kwesiphaluka esifutshane sangaphandle kunye ne-thermal runaway yiqondo lokushisa elifikelela kwindawo yokushisa.Kuxa ubushushu obuveliswa yisekethe emfutshane yangaphandle ayinakuchithwa kakuhle ukuba ubushushu bebhetri buphakame kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu bubangela ukubaleka kwe-thermal.Ngoko ke, ukunqumla i-short-circuit current okanye ukutshabalalisa ukushisa okugqithisileyo ziindlela zokuthintela isiphaluka esifutshane sangaphandle ekuveliseni umonakalo ongaphezulu.I-overcharging, ngenxa yokuba igcwele amandla, yenye yeengozi eziphezulu zokusetyenziswa kakubi kombane.Ukuveliswa kobushushu kunye negesi zizinto ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zenkqubo yokutshaja.Isizukulwana sobushushu sivela kubushushu be-ohmic kunye neempendulo zecala.Okokuqala, i-lithium dendrites ikhula kwindawo ye-anode ngenxa yokufakelwa kwe-lithium.
Imilinganiselo yokukhusela i-Thermal:
Kwinqanaba lobushushu obuzenzelayo ukuthintela ukubaleka kwe-thermal kwengundoqo, sinokukhetha ezimbini, enye kukuphucula kunye nokuphucula izinto ezingundoqo, undoqo we-thermal runaway ikakhulu ulele ekuzinzeni kwezinto ezilungileyo kunye ezimbi ze-electrode kwaye i-electrolyte.Kwixesha elizayo, kufuneka senze ukuphumelela okuphezulu kwi-cathode material coating, ukuguqulwa, ukuhambelana kwe-electrolyte e-homogeneous kunye ne-electrode, kunye nokuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal ye-core.Okanye khetha i-electrolyte enokhuseleko oluphezulu ukuze udlale umphumo we-flame retardant.Okwesibini, kuyimfuneko ukwamkela izisombululo ezisebenzayo zolawulo lwe-thermal (Isifudumezi esiPholisayo se-PTC/ Isifudumezi-moya se-PTC) ukusuka ngaphandle ukucinezela ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwe-Li-ion ibhetri, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba ifilimu ye-SEI yeseli ayiyi kunyuka kwiqondo lokushisa lokuchithwa, kwaye ngokwemvelo, ukubalekela kwe-thermal akuyi kwenzeka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-17-2023
