Itekhnoloji yoLawulo loBushushu kwiZithuthi zoMbane ezicocekileyo

Inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bezithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo ayiqinisekisi nje kuphela indawo yokuqhuba ekhululekileyo kumqhubi, kodwa ikwalawula ubushushu, ukufuma, ubushushu bomoya, njl.njl. bemeko-bume yangaphakathi. Ilawula ikakhulu ubushushu bebhetri yamandla. Ulawulo lobushushu bebhetri yamandla kukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwesithuthi sombane. Imfuneko ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kakuhle nangokukhuselekileyo kweemoto.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokupholisa iibhetri zamandla, ezinokwahlulwahlulwa zibe kukupholisa umoya, ukupholisa ulwelo, ukupholisa isinki yobushushu, ukupholisa izinto zokutshintsha isigaba kunye nokupholisa umbhobho wobushushu.

Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu okanye obuphantsi kakhulu buya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion, kodwa ubushushu obahlukeneyo bunemiphumo eyahlukileyo kwisakhiwo sangaphakathi sebhetri kunye neempendulo zeekhemikhali ze-ion.

Kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, i-ionic conductivity ye-electrolyte ngexesha lokutshaja nokukhupha i-electrode iphantsi, kwaye ii-impedances kwi-positive electrode/electrolyte interface kunye ne-negative electrode/electrolyte interface ziphezulu, nto leyo echaphazela i-charge transfer impedance kwi-positive kunye ne-negative electrode surfaces kunye nokusasazwa kwee-ion ze-lithium kwi-electrode engemihle. , ekugqibeleni ichaphazela izalathisi eziphambili ezifana nokusebenza kwe-battery rate discharge kunye ne-charge kunye ne-discharge efficiency. Kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, inxalenye ye-solvent kwi-electrolyte yebhetri iya kuqina, okwenza kube nzima ukuba ii-ion ze-lithium zifuduke. Njengoko ubushushu buhla, i-electrochemical reaction impedance yetyuwa ye-electrolyte iya kuqhubeka ikhula, kwaye i-dissociation constant yee-ion zayo nayo iya kuqhubeka incipha. Ezi zinto ziya kuchaphazela kakhulu. Isantya sokuhamba kwee-ion kwi-electrolyte sinciphisa isantya sokuphendula kwe-electrochemical; kwaye ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja yebhetri kubushushu obuphantsi, ubunzima bokuhamba kwe-lithium ion kuya kubangela ukunciphisa kwee-ion ze-lithium zibe yi-metallic lithium dendrites, okubangela ukubola kwe-electrolyte kunye nokwanda kwe-concentration polarization. Ngaphezu koko, ii-engile ezibukhali zale dendrite yesinyithi ye-lithium zinokugqobhoza ngokulula isahluli sangaphakathi sebhetri, nto leyo ebangela i-short circuit ngaphakathi kwebhetri kwaye ibangele ingozi yokhuseleko.

Ubushushu obuphezulu abuyi kubangela ukuba i-electrolyte solvent iqine, kwaye abuyi kunciphisa izinga lokusasazeka kwee-ion zetyuwa ye-electrolyte; ngokuchaseneyo, ubushushu obuphezulu buya kwandisa umsebenzi we-electrochemical reaction wezinto, bunyuse izinga lokusasazeka kwee-ion, kwaye bukhawulezise ukufuduka kwee-ion ze-lithium, ngoko ke ngandlela thile ubushushu obuphezulu bunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kokutshaja kunye nokukhupha iibhetri ze-lithium-ion. Nangona kunjalo, xa ubushushu buphezulu kakhulu, buya kukhawulezisa impendulo yokubola kwefilimu ye-SEI, impendulo phakathi kwekhabhoni efakwe kwi-lithium kunye ne-electrolyte, impendulo phakathi kwekhabhoni efakwe kwi-lithium kunye ne-adhesive, impendulo yokubola kwe-electrolyte kunye nempendulo yokubola kwezinto ze-cathode, ngaloo ndlela zichaphazela kakhulu ubomi benkonzo kunye nokusebenza kwebhetri. Ukusebenza kokusetyenziswa. Ezi mpendulo zingasentla phantse azinakuguqulwa. Xa izinga lokusabela likhawuleziswa, izixhobo ezikhoyo ze-electrochemical reactions eziguqukayo ngaphakathi kwebhetri ziya kuncipha ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukusebenza kwebhetri kwehle ngexesha elifutshane. Xa ubushushu bebhetri buqhubeka bunyuka ngaphaya kobushushu bokhuseleko lwebhetri, impendulo yokubola kwe-electrolyte kunye nee-electrode iya kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphakathi kwebhetri, nto leyo eya kuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, oko kukuthi, ukusilela kobushushu bebhetri kuya kwenzeka, nto leyo eya kubangela ukuba ibhetri itshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Kwindawo encinci yebhokisi yebhetri, ubushushu kunzima ukubuchitha ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye ubushushu buqokelelana ngokukhawuleza kwixesha elifutshane. Oku kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukubangela ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kokusilela kobushushu bebhetri, okubangela ukuba ipakethe yebhetri itshaye, ivuthe ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ide iqhume.