Ukubaluleka kweebhetri zamandla njengomthombo wamandla ophambili kwizithuthi ezintsha zamandla kuyabonakala. Ekusetyenzisweni kwezithuthi, ibhetri iya kujongana neemeko zokusebenza ezinzima nezihlukeneyo. Ukuze kuphuculwe uluhlu lokuqhuba, izithuthi kufuneka zilungiselele iiseli zebhetri ezininzi kangangoko kwindawo ethile, ngoko ke indawo yephakheji yebhetri kwisithuthi incinci kakhulu. Iibhetri zivelisa ubushushu obuninzi ngexesha lokusebenza kwesithuthi kwaye ziqokelelana ngokuhamba kwexesha kwiindawo ezincinci. Ngenxa yoxinano olukhulu lweeseli zebhetri ngaphakathi kwephakheji yebhetri, ikwenza kube nzima ukukhupha ubushushu kwindawo ephakathi, nto leyo eyonyusa ukungangqinelani kobushushu phakathi kweeseli. Ngenxa yoko, iya kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja nokukhupha ibhetri kwaye ichaphazele amandla ayo; Kwiimeko ezinzima, inokukhokelela ekubalekeni kobushushu, ichaphazele ukhuseleko kunye nobomi benkqubo.
Ubushushu beebhetri zamandla bunempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwazo, ubomi bazo, kunye nokhuseleko. Kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinokuba nokwanda kokumelana kwangaphakathi kunye nokwehla kwamandla. Kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo, oku kunokukhokelela ekuqandeni kwe-electrolyte kunye nokungakwazi kwebhetri ukukhupha. Ukusebenza kobushushu obuphantsi kwenkqubo yebhetri kuchaphazeleka kakhulu, okubangela ukwehla kokusebenza kombane kunye nokunciphisa uluhlu lokuqhuba lwezithuthi zombane. Xa itshaja izithuthi zamandla amatsha phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphantsi, i-BMS ngokubanzi ifudumeza ibhetri kubushushu obufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba itshaje. Ukuba ayiphathwanga kakuhle, inokubangela ukutshaja okugqithisileyo kwevolthi ngoko nangoko, okubangela iisekethe ezimfutshane zangaphakathi, ezinokukhokelela ekutshayeni, emlilweni, kwanasekuqhumeni. Imiba yokhuseleko yokutshaja kobushushu obuphantsi kwiinkqubo zebhetri zezithuthi zombane ithintele kakhulu ukukhuthazwa kwezithuthi zombane kwiindawo ezibandayo.
Ulawulo lobushushu bebhetringomnye wemisebenzi ebalulekileyo kwi-BMS, ikakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri isoloko isebenza ngaphakathi komgangatho wobushushu ofanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela igcina imeko yokusebenza efanelekileyo yebhetri.ulawulo lobushushu lweebhetriikakhulu ibandakanya imisebenzi efana nokupholisa, ukufudumeza, kunye nokulinganisela ubushushu. Imisebenzi yokupholisa kunye nokufudumeza ihlengahlengiswa kakhulu ngokwempembelelo enokubakho yobushushu bendalo bangaphandle kwibhetri. Ibhalansi yobushushu isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umahluko wobushushu ngaphakathi kwepakethi yebhetri kunye nokuthintela ukubola ngokukhawuleza okubangelwa kukushisa kakhulu kwenxalenye ethile yebhetri.
Ngokubanzi, iindlela zokupholisa iibhetri zamandla zahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindidi ezintathu: ukupholisa umoya, ukupholisa ulwelo, kunye nokupholisa ngokuthe ngqo. Indlela yokupholisa umoya isebenzisa umoya wendalo okanye umoya opholileyo ovela kwigumbi labakhweli ukuze udlule kumphezulu webhetri ukuze kutshintshiselwe ubushushu kwaye kupholiswe. Ukupholisa ulwelo ngokubanzi kusebenzisa imibhobho yokupholisa ezimeleyo ukufudumeza okanye ukupholisa iibhetri zamandla. Okwangoku, le ndlela yeyona iphambili yokupholisa, njengoko isetyenziswa yiTesla kunye neVolt. Inkqubo yokupholisa ngokuthe ngqo isusa umbhobho wokupholisa webhetri yamandla kwaye isebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo i-refrigerant ukupholisa ibhetri yamandla.
1. Inkqubo yokupholisa umoya:
Iibhetri zamandla zokuqala, ngenxa yomthamo wazo omncinci kunye nobuninzi bamandla, zazidla ngokupholiswa ngumoya opholileyo. Ukupholisa umoya kwahlulwe kubini: ukupholisa umoya wendalo kunye nokupholisa umoya onyanzelekileyo (kusetyenziswa iifeni), ezisebenzisa umoya wendalo okanye umoya obandayo ovela kwikhabhathi ukupholisa ibhetri.
Abameli abaqhelekileyo beenkqubo ezipholisiweyo ngumoya baquka iNissan Leaf, iKia Soul EV, njl.njl.; Okwangoku, iibhetri ezingama-48V zezithuthi ze-48V micro hybrid zihlala zibekwe kwindawo yabakhweli kwaye zipholiswe ngumoya opholileyo. Umzobo wendlela yokupholisa umoya webhetri yamandla athile uboniswe kuMfanekiso 2. Ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo epholisiweyo ngumoya lulula, ubuchwepheshe bukhulile, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobushushu obuncinci obuthwalwa ngumoya, ukusebenza kwayo kokudlulisa ubushushu kuphantsi, kwaye ubushushu bangaphakathi bufana, okwenza kube nzima ukufikelela kulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu bebhetri. Ke ngoko, iinkqubo ezipholisiweyo ngumoya ngokubanzi zifanelekile kwiimeko ezinomgama omfutshane wokuqhuba kunye nobunzima besithuthi esilula.
2. Inkqubo yokupholisa yolwelo
Indlela yokupholisa ulwelo ibhekisa kwibhetri esebenzisa ulwelo lokupholisa ukutshintshiselana ngobushushu, kwaye umzobo wayo wesicwangciso uboniswe kuMfanekiso 3. I-coolant yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezimbini: ukudibana ngqo neeseli zebhetri (ioyile ye-silicone, ioyile ye-castor, njl.njl.) kunye nokudibana neeseli zebhetri ngemijelo yamanzi (amanzi kunye ne-ethylene glycol, njl.njl.); Okwangoku, izisombululo ezixutyiweyo zamanzi kunye ne-ethylene glycol zisetyenziswa rhoqo. Iinkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo zihlala zongeza i-chiller edityaniswe nomjikelo wokufriji, osusa ubushushu kwibhetri nge-refrigerant; Izinto zayo eziphambili yi-compressor, i-chiller, kunyeimpompo yamanzi. I-compressor, njengomthombo wamandla okupholisa, imisela amandla okudlulisa ubushushu benkqubo yonke. I-chiller idlala indima ekutshintshiseni i-refrigerant kunye ne-coolant, kwaye ubungakanani botshintshiselwano lobushushu bumisela ngokuthe ngqo ubushushu be-coolant. Ipompo yamanzi imisela isantya sokuhamba kwe-coolant kwipayipi, kwaye okukhona isantya sokuhamba sikhawuleza, kokukhona ukusebenza kokudlulisa ubushushu kuphucuka, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo.
3. Inkqubo yokupholisa ngqo:
Inkqubo yokupholisa ngokuthe ngqo isebenzisa i-refrigerant yenkqubo yokupholisa umoya ukupholisa ibhetri yamandla ngqo, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 11. I-evaporator yenkqubo yokupholisa umoya ifakwe ngqo kwinkqubo yebhetri, kwaye i-refrigerant iyaphuma kwi-evaporator ukususa ngqo ubushushu obuveliswa yinkqubo yebhetri, ngaloo ndlela ifezekisa inkqubo yokupholisa ekhawulezayo nesebenzayo. Okwangoku, zimbalwa iimodeli ezisebenzisa ukupholisa ngokuthe ngqo, apho eyona iqhelekileyo yiBMW i3. Ngenxa yokungabikho kotshintshiselwano lobushushu oluphakathi phakathi kolwelo, inkqubo yokupholisa inesakhiwo esincinci, ukusebenza kakuhle kokupholisa okuphezulu (okuphindwe kathathu ukuya kane kunokupholisa kolwelo), kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Kodwa ingxaki ikwinyani yokuba ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwegesi-ulwelo kwe-refrigerant kwipayipi, ulawulo lwenkqubo yonke luyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ukufana kobushushu kuphantsi. Kwaye ineemfuno eziphezulu zokuxhathisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokutywinwa kwenkqubo, nto leyo ebeka umngcipheko omkhulu wokusetyenziswa kwayo kwisithuthi siphela.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-27-2026
