Phakathi kwezinto eziphambili zebhasi yombane ecocekileyo, ibhetri yamandla ifana "nentliziyo" yesithuthi. Ukusebenza kwayo, ukhuseleko, kunye nobomi bayo buchaza ngokuthe ngqo ububanzi bebhasi, ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwayo, kunye nokhuseleko lwabakhweli. Isitshixo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwale "ntliziyo" kukuInkqubo yoLawulo loBushushu beBhetri (BTMS)Njengenkqubo engundoqo eyimfuneko yebhasi yombane ecocekileyo, isebenza njenge "umphathi wolawulo lobushushu okrelekrele" owenzelwe ibhetri yamandla, ilawula ubushushu bokusebenza kwebhetri buthule, ivumela ibhasi ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri yombane ecocekileyo yinkqubo yokulawula ekrelekrele edibanisa ukujonga ubushushu, ukufudumeza, ukupholisa, kunye nokulinganisa ubushushu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukugcina ubushushu bebhetri yamandla ngaphakathi koluhlu oluphezulu lokusebenza lwe-20-35℃, ngelixa ilawula umahluko wobushushu phakathi kweeseli nganye ngaphakathi kwebhetri ukuya kungabi ngaphezu kwe-3-5℃. Oku kusombulula ngokusisiseko iingxaki zokuwohloka kokusebenza, ubomi obufutshane, kunye neengozi zokhuseleko ezikhulayo zeebhetri zamandla phantsi kweemeko zobushushu eziphezulu neziphantsi. Kwiibhasi zombane ezicocekileyo ezisebenza phantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu, iimayile ezinde, kunye neemeko zokutshaja nokukhutshelwa rhoqo, kwaye zijongene neemeko ezinzima ezifana nobushushu obukhulu nokubanda, ukubaluleka kwale nkqubo kuyabonakala.
Ukuze uqonde ixabiso lenkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri, kubalulekile ukuba uqale uqonde "imikhwa" yeebhetri zamandla: iibhetri ze-lithium zinobuthathaka kakhulu kubushushu. Njengokuba abantu besebenza kakuhle kubushushu obufanelekileyo, iibhetri zamandla zifezekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja nokukhupha itshaja kunye nobomi obude bomjikelo ngaphakathi kobubanzi bazo bobushushu obufanelekileyo, ngelixa zinciphisa umngcipheko wokubaleka kobushushu. Xa amaqondo obushushu ephezulu kakhulu, iimpembelelo zangaphakathi zeekhemikhali zebhetri ziyakhawuleza, zikhokelela kungekuphela nje ekunciphiseni umgama kunye nokusebenza kodwa nakwiziganeko ezinokubakho zokhuseleko ezifana nokuqhuma kunye nomlilo. Xa amaqondo obushushu ephantsi kakhulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja nokukhupha ibhetri kwehla kakhulu, kude kuthintele ukutshaja nokuqalisa okuqhelekileyo, okuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwebhasi, ngakumbi kwimimandla esemantla ebandayo. Umsebenzi ophambili wenkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri kukujongana ngqo nala manqaku entlungu, ukukhusela ibhetri yamandla.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wenkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri (i-BTMS) ngokuyintloko kukufezekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu bebhetri ngokutshintshiselana kwamandla kwisekethe evaliweyo. Yonke inkqubo ilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo yi-BMS ngaphandle kokungenelela ngesandla. Ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka kunye nobushushu be-ambient, inkqubo isebenza ikakhulu ngeendlela ezintathu: ukupholisa, ukufudumeza, kunye nokulinganisa ubushushu, ukutshintsha ngokuguquguqukayo phakathi kwazo ukuze zilungelelanise neemeko zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo.
Kwiimeko zasehlotyeni ezinobushushu obuphezulu, inkqubo ingena kwimo yokupholisa. Xa ibhetri ivelisa ubushushu obuninzi ngexesha lokuqhuba okanye ukutshaja, kwaye isenzi sobushushu sibona ubushushu bebhetri obungaphezulu kwama-35°C, i-BMS ikhupha umyalelo ngoko nangoko wokuvula ibhetri.impompo yamanzi ye-elektroniki,ivalvu yamanzi ye-elektroniki, kunye neradiator (okanye i-air conditioner chiller). I-coolant ijikeleza kwisekethe evaliweyo, ifunxa ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu obuveliswa yibhetri ngepleyiti yokupholisa amanzi okanye i-serpentine piping ezantsi kwepakethe yebhetri. I-coolant, ephethe ubushushu, emva koko idlula kwi-radiator, isasaze ubushushu emoyeni wangaphandle. Nje ukuba ubushushu bufikelele kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, inkqubo ilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo amandla ayo okusebenza ukuze igcine uzinzo lobushushu kwaye ithintele ukugqithisa nokonakala kwebhetri.
Kwiimeko zasebusika ezinobushushu obuphantsi, inkqubo itshintshela kwimo yokufudumeza. Xa ubushushu obuphakathi buhla ngaphantsi kwe-10℃, nto leyo ethintela ibhetri yamandla ekutshajeni nasekukhupheni itshaji ngendlela eqhelekileyo, i-BMS (iNkqubo yoLawulo lweBhetri) iyasebenzaIsifudumezi se-PTCokanye inkqubo yepompo yobushushu yesithuthi ukufudumeza i-coolant. I-coolant efudumeleyo idlula kwiphakheji yebhetri, idlulisela ubushushu kwiseli nganye kwaye ifudumeza ubushushu bebhetri kancinci kancinci ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10℃. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri inokutshaja kwaye ikhuphe ubushushu ngendlela eqhelekileyo, nto leyo enciphisa ingxaki yokunciphisa umgama ebusika. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba uninzi lweebhasi zombane ezicocekileyo ngoku zisebenzisa indibaniselwano yepompo yobushushu kunye ne-PTC heating, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokufudumeza ngelixa kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuphucula umgama.
Ngaphandle kokulawula ubushushu obuphezulu nobuphantsi, ulawulo lokufana kobushushu lukwangumsebenzi obalulekileyo wenkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri. Ipakethi yebhetri yamandla inamakhulu okanye amawaka eeseli ezidityaniswe ngokulandelelana nangokulinganayo. Umahluko omkhulu kubushushu phakathi kweeseli unokukhokelela ekutshajeni nasekukhupheni ezinye iiseli, okukhawulezisa ukuguga kwaye kubangele ukwehla kokungaguquguquki kweeseli, okuchaphazela ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwepakethi yebhetri. Ke ngoko, inkqubo ilungisa uyilo lomjelo wokuhamba kokupholisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-coolant ihamba ngokulinganayo kwimodyuli nganye yebhetri, ukuqinisekisa ubushushu obufanayo kwiseli nganye ngaphakathi kwepakethi yebhetri kunye nokwandisa ubomi bepakethi yebhetri.
Inkqubo epheleleyo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri yebhasi yombane ecocekileyo iqulathe izinto ezininzi eziphambili ezisebenza ngokubambisana, akukho nanye kuzo enokungashiywa. Izinzwa zobushushu zinoxanduva lokuqokelelwa kwedatha yobushushu ngexesha langempela kwiiseli zebhetri kunye ne-coolant, zibonelela ngesiseko solawulo lwenkqubo; ipompo yamanzi ye-elektroniki inika amandla okujikeleza kwe-coolant, isebenza "njengomthombo wamandla" wokutshintshiselana kwamandla; iivalvu zamanzi ze-elektroniki zinoxanduva lokutshintsha iisekethe, zivumela ukutshintsha okuguquguqukayo phakathi kweendlela zokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa; ii-radiator kunye nee-chillers zisetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa ubushushu ehlotyeni, ngelixa ii-heater ze-PTC kunye neenkqubo zepompo yobushushu zisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza ebusika; umlawuli wolawulo lobushushu bebhetri (i-BMS okanye i-TMS) "yingqondo" yenkqubo yonke, eququzelela idatha yobushushu, ekhupha imiyalelo yolawulo, kwaye eqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo okuzinzileyo; ukongeza, kukho izinto ezincedisayo ezifana nemibhobho yokupholisa kunye neetanki zokwandisa ukuqinisekisa ukuvalwa kunye nokuzinza kweesekethe.
Njengoko iibhasi zombane ezicocekileyo ziphuhlisa umgama omde, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi, inqanaba lobuchwepheshe leenkqubo zolawulo lobushushu bebhetri nalo lihlala liphucuka. Ukusuka kwiinkqubo zokuqala ezipholileyo emoyeni ukuya kwiinkqubo zanamhlanje ezipholileyo zolwelo, kwaye emva koko ukuya kwizisombululo ezisebenzayo zolawulo lobushushu ezidibanisa iipompo zobushushu kunye nokuguqulwa kwamaza okukrelekrele, ukuchaneka kolawulo lobushushu benkqubo, isiphumo sokonga amandla, kunye nokuthembeka kuyaqhubeka kulungiswa. Namhlanje, iinkqubo zolawulo lobushushu bebhetri eziphambili azifezekisi kuphela ulawulo lobushushu oluchanekileyo kodwa zikwadibana nenkqubo yomoya kunye nenkqubo yamandla yesithuthi ukunciphisa ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwamandla esithuthi ngokubanzi kunye nokuphucula uqoqosho lokusebenza.
Njenge "thermostat" yeebhasi zombane ezicocekileyo, inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri ayigcini nje ngokukhusela ukhuseleko kunye nobomi bebhetri yamandla kodwa ikwaxhasa ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweebhasi zombane ezicocekileyo kwezothutho lukawonke-wonke. Ijongana nemingeni yokusebenza kweebhasi zombane ezicocekileyo kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu nobuphantsi, iphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lwezithuthi, kwaye ibeka isiseko esiqinileyo sokusasazwa kweebhasi ezintsha zamandla. Kwixesha elizayo, ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji yebhetri yamandla kunye nobuchule obuqhubekayo kwitekhnoloji yolawulo lobushushu, iinkqubo zolawulo lobushushu bebhetri ziya kuba zisebenza kakuhle, zikrelekrele, kwaye zonge amandla, zifake amandla angakumbi kuphuhliso oluphezulu lweebhasi zombane ezicocekileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-03-2026
